Learn More. Human trafficking occurs when a perpetrator, often referred to as a trafficker, takes an Action , and then employs the Means of force, fraud or coercion for the Purpose of compelling the victim to provide commercial sex acts or labor or services.
At a minimum, one element from each column must be present to establish a potential situation of human trafficking. There is no single method of force, fraud or coercion. Sexual exploitation and forced labor are the most commonly identified forms of human trafficking. More than half of the victims are female. Many other forms of exploitation are often thought to be under-reported. These include domestic servitude and forced marriage; organ removal; and the exploitation of children in begging, the sex trade and warfare.
The causes of human trafficking are complex and interlinked, and include economic, social and political factors. Poverty alone does not necessarily create vulnerability to trafficking, but when combined with other factors, these can lead to a higher risk for being trafficked.
Some of those other factors include: corruption, civil unrest, a weak government, lack of access to education or jobs, family disruption or dysfunction, lack of human rights, or economic disruptions. Along with illegal arms and drug trafficking, human trafficking is one of the largest international crime industries in the world. Two-thirds of that money came from commercial sexual exploitation, while the rest is from forced economic exploitation, including domestic work, agriculture, child labor and related activities.
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The United Nations defines human trafficking as:. San Francisco is not immune to the problem, and has been considered a prime destination for human trafficking due to its ports, airports, industry, and rising immigrant populations. Human trafficking is the second largest and fastest growing criminal industry in the world with as many as 27 million individuals living in slavery-like conditions throughout the world. The 3 most common types of human trafficking are sex trafficking, forced labor, and debt bondage.
Forced labor, also known as involuntary servitude, is the biggest sector of trafficking in the world, according to the U. Department of State.
Debt bondage is another form of human trafficking in which an individual is forced to work in order to pay a debt. Sex trafficking disproportionately affects women and children and involves forced participation in commercial sex acts.
In the United States, any child under the age of 18 who has been involved in a commercial sex act is considered a trafficking victim. There is no single profile of a trafficking victim. Victims of human trafficking can be anyone—regardless of race, color, national origin, disability, religion, age, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, socioeconomic status, education level, or citizenship status. Although there is no defining characteristic that all human trafficking victims share, traffickers around the world frequently prey on individuals who are poor, vulnerable, living in an unsafe or unstable situation, or are in search of a better life.
Trafficking victims are deceived by false promises of love, a good job, or a stable life and are lured or forced into situations where they are made to work under deplorable conditions with little or no pay.
In the United States, trafficking victims can be American or foreign citizens. Victims can be found in legal and illegal labor industries, including child care, elder care, the drug trade, massage parlors, nail and hair salons, restaurants, hotels, factories, and farms.
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