The symptoms may include pain, itching, and bleeding, or you may develop visible genital warts. If you have symptoms, they will probably occur 2 to 3 months after infection. But you can have symptoms from 3 weeks to many years after infection. Visible genital warts appear only during active infection. But it is possible to spread the virus even if you can't see the warts.
A doctor can often tell if you have genital warts by looking closely at your genital and anal areas. He or she may ask you questions about your symptoms and your risk factors. Risk factors are things that make you more likely to get an infection. For women, if you have an abnormal Pap test, your doctor can do an HPV test that looks for high-risk types of the virus.
Talk to your doctor about whether you should treat visible genital warts. They usually go away with no treatment, but they may also spread.
Most people decide to treat them because of the symptoms or because of how the warts look. But if you don't have symptoms and are not worried about how the warts look, you can wait and see if the warts go away. If you do decide to treat genital warts, talk to your doctor about the best treatment for you.
There are prescription medicines that you or your doctor can put on the warts. Or your doctor can remove them with lasers, surgery, or by freezing them off. Even if you treat visible warts or your warts go away without treatment, the HPV infection can stay in your body's cells.
It is possible to spread genital warts to your partner even if you have no signs of them. The best way to keep from getting genital warts—or any other STI—is to not have sex or any skin-to-skin genital contact. If you do have sex, practice safer sex. If you are age 26 or younger, you can get the HPV shot. The HPV vaccine can protect against genital warts.
HPV infection is caused by a virus. More than types of HPV have been found. Some types cause genital warts and some can lead to cervical cancer. Types 6 and 11 cause most genital warts. Other types such as 16 and 18 are high-risk and can cause abnormal cell changes on the cervix.
Infection with the human papillomavirus HPV usually does not cause any symptoms and does not always produce visible genital warts. Some types of HPV cause cell changes to the cervix that can cause an abnormal Pap test. When symptoms do develop, they usually occur 2 to 3 months after infection. But symptoms have been known to occur from 3 weeks to many years after infection. In women, most precancerous or cancerous cell changes associated with HPV infection occur on the cervix.
This is because the cells of the cervix naturally undergo changes in an area called the transformation zone. This process can cause cervical cells to become abnormal when they are infected with HPV. Infection with high-risk types of HPV increase the chance that a woman with HPV will develop abnormal cervical cell changes.
It is important to have regular exams by your doctor. If your doctor finds abnormal cells on a Pap test, the cells can be treated to help prevent them from changing to cancer. Among people who receive anal sex, HPV infection of the anal canal is associated with an increased risk of anal cancer. This risk may be especially high in men who also have HIV infection. It is not clear whether men who are infected with HPV on the penis are more likely to have precancerous or cancerous changes on the penis than men who are not infected.
Because HPV does cause cell changes, more research is being done to find out whether HPV increases the risk of penile cancer. In the United States, cancer of the penis is extremely rare. The presence of HPV and abnormal cell changes does not affect the outcome of the pregnancy. A pregnant woman who is infected with the type of HPV that causes genital warts may have more complicated warts than a woman who is not pregnant.
Genital warts may increase in size, bleed, or become infected with bacteria. Your doctor may recommend treatment. Warts may be passed on to the newborn, but this is rare. Things that increase a person's risk for getting a sexually transmitted infection, such as HPV and genital warts, include:.
If you have a high-risk type of HPV and are using birth control pills for more than 5 years, research suggests that this can increase your risk of getting cervical cancer. For more information, see the topic Cervical Cancer.
A child can get genital warts in several ways. Any child who has genital warts needs to be evaluated by a doctor to find out the cause and to assess for possible sexual abuse. In rare cases, infants may develop warts in the larynx laryngeal papillomas , which is in the throat, from exposure to HPV during birth. A doctor should evaluate any warts or other symptoms that suggest infection with the human papillomavirus HPV or another sexually transmitted infection STI.
Avoid sexual contact until you have been examined. If you have an STI, avoid sexual contact to prevent spreading the virus. Sometimes, warts may go away on their own. If you have genital warts, your doctor may observe your condition without using medical treatment.
This is called watchful waiting. This period may vary from a few days to weeks or possibly months. In general, your family doctor or any of the following health professionals can determine whether you have genital warts:. A doctor usually can diagnose visible genital warts using your medical history and a physical exam. But not all HPV infections cause visible warts. If you don't have any visible genital warts or other symptoms, it may be hard for your doctor to diagnose HPV infection. Your doctor may ask you the following questions:.
After your doctor takes your medical history, you will have a gynecological exam, which usually includes a Pap test. A Pap test screens for abnormal cells on the cervix. Results of the Pap test may indicate an HPV infection even though you have no visible warts. Women over age 30 may get a screening test for HPV at the same time as a Pap test.
Women under 30 usually get the HPV test only if they have an abnormal Pap test. If your doctor finds areas of abnormal tissue on the cervix which may be related to HPV infection , he or she may recommend treatment. Some experts believe that people who receive anal sex should have a screening for anal cancer, especially if they also have HIV infection. Ask your doctor whether and how often you should be tested. When your doctor finds abnormal tissue but cannot make a definite diagnosis, you may have a biopsy for lab tissue studies.
Testing for the type of HPV that is causing warts is not useful for diagnosis. This test is not routinely done for diagnosis or treatment of genital warts. There is no cure for HPV infection, but warts and cell changes can be treated.
HPV infection that causes an abnormal Pap test will be treated differently than the HPV types that cause genital warts.
Genital warts caused by the most common types of human papillomavirus HPV may go away on their own without treatment. For this and other reasons, experts sometimes have different approaches to treating genital warts. Doctors often recommend medicine applied to warts topical drug treatment as the first choice of treatment. A doctor will apply the medicines that have a high risk of causing damage to the skin around the warts. You can apply others at home.
Caution: Do not use nonprescription wart removal products to treat genital warts. Genital warts are usually a sexually transmitted disease STD. They're caused by HPV human papillomavirus. There are many different strains of the HPV virus. Some can cause genital warts, while others can lead to cervical cancer and other types of cancer.
Get the facts about the HPV vaccine and how it can protect your child from this infection — and some types of cancer — for years to come. STDs also called sexually transmitted infections or STIs are infections that spread through sex vaginal, oral, or anal , or close sexual contact.
Many people infected with HPV never get warts. If warts do develop, they usually come within a few months. But sometimes, they show up years later. Genital warts can be raised or flat, small or large. Sometimes they're grouped together in a cauliflower-like shape. Some warts can be so small and flat that they're not noticed right away. Most of the time, genital warts are painless. Some people, though, may have itching, bleeding, burning, or pain.
The HPV that causes genital warts usually spreads through vaginal, oral, or anal sex or close sexual contact with the genital area. But the virus can be kept in check by the immune system for longer than that. Does everyone exposed to HPV 6 and 11 get warts? Can HPV warts surface at any time in your life — even years after exposure? How can sexually active individuals avoid getting HPV warts?
Also, interestingly, HPV infects rapidly dividing cells. Does the number of sex partners a person has over a lifetime increase the risk of HPV warts? The more sex partners you have, the more likely you are to have different types of HPV infection as well. Limiting the number of partners and using condoms are very important to reducing your risk.
Are HPV warts spread only through genital contact? No, you can spread the virus from any moist source to another. The same type of warts that develop on the genitals can also grow in the mouth and throat and even in the insides of the eyelids. We have to be quite frank about sexual practices today. Can HPV warts lead to cervical cancer? The two types of HPV that cause most genital warts — types 6 and 11 — do not cause cancer. However, some types of HPV that are associated with cancer have been found in genital warts.
Genital warts may cause some physical discomfort, such as burning and itching, or even bleeding in an intimate situation. The various treatments to remove genital warts can also cause pain and irritation and can be expensive, depending on what type of treatment you use and what kind of health insurance coverage you have.
No, but we have more statistics on women because doctors tend to see women much more routinely. Genital warts usually appear as a small bump or group of bumps in the genital area. They can be small or large, raised or flat, or shaped like a cauliflower. A healthcare provider can usually diagnose warts by looking at the genital area. HPV can cause cervical and other cancers including cancer of the vulva, vagina, penis, or anus.
It can also cause cancer in the back of the throat, including the base of the tongue and tonsils called oropharyngeal cancer. Cancer often takes years, even decades, to develop after a person gets HPV. There is no way to know which people who have HPV will develop cancer or other health problems. They may also be more likely to develop health problems from HPV. Get vaccinated. The HPV vaccine is safe and effective. It can protect against diseases including cancers caused by HPV when given in the recommended age groups.
Get screened for cervical cancer. Routine screening for women aged 21 to 65 years old can prevent cervical cancer. HPV vaccination is recommended at age 11 or 12 years or can start at age 9 years and for everyone through age 26 years, if not vaccinated already.
Vaccination is not recommended for everyone older than age 26 years. However, some adults age 27 through 45 years who are not already vaccinated may decide to get the HPV vaccine after speaking with their healthcare provider about their risk for new HPV infections and the possible benefits of vaccination.
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